Tare da faɗaɗa girman al'adu da ƙaruwar yawan al'adu, cutar Apostichopus japonicus ta ƙara yin muni, wanda ya kawo asara mai yawa ga masana'antar kiwon kamun kifi. Cututtukan Apostichopus japonicus galibi suna faruwa ne ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta da ciliates, waɗanda daga cikinsu ne cutar ruɓewar fata da Vibrio brilliant ke haifarwa ta fi tsanani. Tare da ta'azzara cutar, bangon jikin Apostichopus japonicus ulcers, suna samar da tabo masu launin shuɗi da fari, kuma a ƙarshe suna narkewa har su mutu, suna narkewa zuwa majina kamar colloid. A cikin rigakafin cututtuka na gargajiya da magani, ana amfani da maganin rigakafi sosai. Amma amfani da maganin rigakafi na dogon lokaci ba wai kawai yana da haɗarin ɓoyayyen juriya ga ƙwayoyin cuta da ragowar magunguna ba, har ma yana kawo amincin abinci da gurɓatar muhalli. Saboda haka, haɓaka shiri mai aminci wanda ba ya gurɓata, wanda ba ya gurɓata, wanda ba ya gurɓata, don rage cutar kokwamba na teku yana ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da bincike na yanzu ke mayar da hankali a kai.

Potassium diformate foda ne mai launin fari mai laushi, busasshe kuma mara ɗanɗano. Shi ne ƙarin abinci na farko wanda Tarayyar Turai ta amince da shi don maye gurbin maganin rigakafi. Yana iya haɓaka haɓakar dabbobin da aka noma, hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa, da kuma inganta yanayin hanji. Potassium diformate na iya inganta girma da yawan amfanin halittun ruwa sosai.

1 Sakamakon gwaji

1.1 Tasirin sinadarin potassium mai yawa a kan girma da rayuwar kokwamban teku Apostichopus japonicus

Takamaiman girman girman Apostichopus japonicus ya ƙaru sosai tare da ƙaruwar sinadarin potassium diformate na abinci. Lokacin da sinadarin potassium diformate na abinci ya kai kashi 0.8%, wato, lokacin da sinadarin potassium diformate na abinci ya kasance kashi 1.0% da 1.2%, ƙimar girman Apostichopus japonicus ya fi na sauran magunguna girma sosai, Amma babu wani bambanci mai mahimmanci (P > 0.05) (tebur 2-2). Adadin rayuwar kokwamba na teku ya kasance kashi 100% a duk ƙungiyoyi.

1.2 Tasirin sinadarin potassium mai narkewa a abinci akan ma'aunin garkuwar jiki na kokwamba na teku Apostichopus japonicus

Idan aka kwatanta da rukunin sarrafawa, matakai daban-daban na potassium dicarboxylate na iya inganta ƙarfin phagocytic na coelomocytes da samar da O2 - a cikin matakai daban-daban (tebur 2-3). Lokacin da aka ƙara potassium diformate a 1.0% da 1.2%, aikin phagocytic na coelomocytes da samar da nau'in oxygen mai amsawa O2 - a cikin kokwamba na teku ya fi girma fiye da na ƙungiyar sarrafawa, amma babu wani bambanci mai mahimmanci tsakanin ƙungiyoyin diformate na potassium 1% da 1.2%, ko tsakanin sauran matakan potassium diformate da ƙungiyar sarrafawa. Tare da ƙaruwar abun ciki na potassium dicarboxylate a cikin abinci, SOD da NOS na kokwamba na teku sun ƙaru.

1.3 Tasirin sinadarin potassium mai narkewa a abinci kan juriyar kokwamba ga kamuwa da cutar Vibrio mai haske

Kwanaki 1.4 bayan ƙalubalen, jimillar mace-macen da ake samu a cikin rukunin masu kula da kokwamba na teku ya kai kashi 46.67%, wanda ya fi haka girma fiye da na ƙungiyoyin diformate na potassium 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0% da 1.2% (26.67%, 26.67%, 30%, 30% da 23.33%), amma babu wani bambanci mai mahimmanci da rukunin magani na 0.2% (38.33%). Mutuwar kokwamba na teku a cikin ƙungiyoyin diformate na potassium 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0% da 1.2% ba su da wani bambanci mai mahimmanci.

2. Tattaunawa

2.1 Tasirin potassium dicarboxylate akan girman kokwamba na teku Apostichopus japonicus

A cikin dabbobi, hanyar da potassium dicarboxylate ke aiki ita ce ta shiga cikin hanji, inganta yanayin ciki, daidaita pH, da kuma kashe ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa (Ramli da sunanto, 2005). Bugu da ƙari, potassium diformate kuma yana iya haɓaka shan abubuwan gina jiki a cikin abinci da kuma inganta narkewar abinci da yawan amfani da dabbobin da aka noma. A cikin amfani da dabbobin ruwa, gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa potassium diformate na iya inganta girma da ƙimar rayuwa na jatan lande sosai (he Suxu, Zhou Zhigang, et al., 2006). A cikin wannan binciken, an haɓaka girman kokwamba na teku (Apostichopus japonicus) ta hanyar ƙara potassium dicarboxylate a cikin abinci, wanda ya yi daidai da sakamakon amfani da potassium dicarboxylate a cikin aladu da ƙarewa da verland ta ruwaito. M (2000).

2.2 Tasirin potassium dicarboxylate akan garkuwar jiki ga kokwamba na teku Apostichopus japonicus

Apostichopus japonicus yana da irin tsarin kariya iri ɗaya da sauran echinoderms, wanda ake cika shi ta hanyar amsawar garkuwar jiki ta ƙwayoyin halitta da waɗanda ba ƙwayoyin halitta ba (humoral). Ana amfani da shi galibi don gano da kuma kawar da gawarwakin da ke shiga jikin dabba, ko kuma sanya gawarwakin da ba su da lahani, da kuma gyara raunuka. Ana kammala martanin garkuwar jiki na echinoderms ta hanyar nau'ikan coelomocytes, waɗanda ke samar da tsarin kariya na echinoderms. Babban ayyukan waɗannan ƙwayoyin sun haɗa da phagocytosis, amsawar cytotoxin, da samar da abubuwan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta a matakin coagulation (kudriavtsev, 2000). A cikin tsarin phagocytosis, ƙwayoyin cuta ko abubuwan bangon ƙwayoyin cuta na iya haifar da coelomocytes don samar da nau'in oxygen mai amsawa (ROS), gami da no, H2O2, oh da O2 -. A cikin wannan gwajin, ƙara 1.0% da 1.2% potassium dicarboxylate zuwa abinci ya ƙara yawan aikin phagocytic na coelomocytes da samar da nau'in oxygen mai amsawa. Duk da haka, ana buƙatar ƙarin nazarin tsarin potassium diformate wanda ke ƙara yawan aikin phagocytic da samar da O2.

2.3 Tasirin potassium dicarboxylate akan flora na hanji na kokwamba na teku Apostichopus japonicus

Ana iya narkar da potassium dicarboxylate zuwa formic acid kuma ya samar da shi a cikin yanayin alkaline mai rauni kuma ya shiga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar membrane na tantanin halitta. Yana iya canza yanayin rayuwa na ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa kamar Escherichia coli da Salmonella ta hanyar canza ƙimar pH a cikin ƙwayoyin halitta da hana haifuwarsu, don daidaita daidaiton microecological na hanji (eidelsburger, 1998). Tasirin potassium dicarboxylate akan microflora na hanji, ta hanyar macroscopic, H+ da aka samar ta hanyar rushewar potassium dicarboxylate yana rage ƙimar pH a cikin hanji kuma yana hana haɓakar microflora na hanji. A cikin microscopic, H+ yana shiga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar membrane na tantanin halitta, yana lalata ayyukan enzymes na cikin ƙwayoyin halitta kai tsaye, yana shafar metabolism na furotin na ƙwayoyin cuta da nucleic acid, kuma yana taka rawa wajen tsaftacewa (Roth, 1998). Sakamakon ya nuna cewa potassium diformate ba shi da tasiri sosai akan jimlar ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji na kokwamba na teku, amma yana iya hana yawan Vibrio sosai.

2.4 Tasirin potassium dicarboxylate akan juriyar cutar kokwamba ta teku Apostichopus japonicus

Vibrio splendens wata kwayar cuta ce da ke haifar da cutar rot na fata ta kokwamba, wadda ke da illa ga samar da kokwamba na teku. Wannan gwajin ya tabbatar da cewa ƙara potassium dicarboxylate a cikin abincin yana rage mace-macen kokwamba na teku da aka kamu da cutar Vibrio brilliant. Wannan na iya danganta da tasirin hana potassium diformate akan Vibrio.

Kammalawa 3

Sakamakon ya nuna cewa sinadarin potassium diformate na abinci yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan ci gaban Apostichopus japonicus, yana da tasiri mai kyau akan rigakafi mara takamaiman na Apostichopus japonicus, kuma yana haɓaka garkuwar jiki ta humoral da cell na Apostichopus japonicus. Ƙara potassium dicarboxylate a cikin abinci ya rage yawan ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa a cikin hanjin kokwamba na teku, kuma ya haɓaka juriyar cutar kokwamba na teku da aka kamu da Vibrio brilliant. A ƙarshe, ana iya amfani da potassium dicarboxylate azaman mai haɓaka garkuwar jiki a cikin abincin kokwamba na teku, kuma yawan potassium dicarboxylate da ya dace shine 1.0%.