Darajar potassium diformate a cikin kiwon kaji:

Babban tasirin maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta (rage yawan ƙwayoyin cuta na Escherichia coli da fiye da 30%), inganta yawan abincin da ake ci da kashi 5-8%, maye gurbin maganin rigakafi don rage yawan gudawa da kashi 42%. Ƙara yawan nauyin kaji masu cin naman kaza shine gram 80-120 a kowace kaza, yawan samar da ƙwai na kaji masu cin naman ya ƙaru da kashi 2-3%, kuma fa'idodin da aka samu sun ƙaru da kashi 8% -12%, wanda shine babban ci gaba a fannin noma mai kyau.

Potassium diformate, a matsayin sabon nau'in ƙarin abinci, ya nuna muhimmancin amfani a fannin kiwon kaji a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Tsarinsa na musamman na maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, haɓaka girma, da inganta lafiyar hanji yana samar da sabuwar mafita ga kiwon kaji masu lafiya.

1, Halayen jiki da sinadarai da kuma tushen aikin potassium diformate

Potassium diformatewani sinadari ne na crystalline wanda aka samar ta hanyar haɗakar formic acid da potassium diformate a cikin rabo na molar 1: 1, tare da dabarar kwayoyin halitta CHKO ₂. Yana bayyana a matsayin farin crystalline foda kuma yana narkewa cikin sauƙi a cikin ruwa. Wannan gishirin acid na halitta yana kasancewa mai karko a cikin muhallin acidic, amma yana iya rabuwa da sakin formic acid da potassium diformate a cikin yanayi mai tsaka tsaki ko mai rauni na alkaline (kamar hanjin kaji). Darajarsa ta musamman ta ta'allaka ne akan gaskiyar cewa formic acid shine gajeriyar sarkar kitse mai kitse tare da mafi ƙarfin aikin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta tsakanin sanannun acid na halitta, yayin da potassium ions na iya ƙara electrolytes, kuma biyun suna aiki tare.

Tasirin maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cutasinadarin potassium diformateAna samunsa galibi ta hanyoyi uku:

Kwayoyin formic acid da suka rabu suna iya shiga membranes na ƙwayoyin cuta, rage pH na ƙwayoyin halitta, da kuma tsoma baki ga tsarin enzyme na ƙwayoyin cuta da jigilar abubuwan gina jiki;
Acid ɗin formic da ba a warware ba yana shiga ƙwayoyin cuta kuma yana ruɓewa zuwa H⁺ da HCOO⁻, yana lalata tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta na nucleic acid, musamman yana nuna tasirin hana ƙwayoyin cuta na Gram kamar Salmonella da Escherichia coli.

Bincike ya nuna cewa ƙara kashi 0.6% na potassium formate zai iya rage yawan Escherichia coli a cikin cecum na kaji masu cin nama da fiye da kashi 30%;

Ta hanyar hana yaduwar ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa, a kaikaice yana haɓaka mamaye ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani kamar ƙwayoyin cuta masu lactic acid, da kuma inganta daidaiton ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji.

2, Tsarin aiki a cikin kiwon kaji
1. Ingancin kaddarorin ƙwayoyin cuta, rage nauyin ƙwayoyin cuta

Ana samun tasirin maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta na potassium diformate ta hanyoyi uku:
Kwayoyin formic acid da suka rabu suna iya shiga membranes na ƙwayoyin cuta, rage pH na ƙwayoyin halitta, da kuma tsoma baki ga tsarin enzyme na ƙwayoyin cuta da jigilar abubuwan gina jiki;
Acid ɗin formic da ba a warware ba yana shiga ƙwayoyin cuta kuma yana ruɓewa zuwa H⁺ da HCOO⁻, yana lalata tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta na nucleic acid, musamman yana nuna tasirin hana ƙwayoyin cuta na Gram kamar Salmonella da Escherichia coli. Bincike ya nuna cewa ƙara 0.6% potassium diformate na iya rage adadin Escherichia coli a cikin cecum na kaji masu cin nama da fiye da 30%;
Ta hanyar hana yaduwar ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa, a kaikaice yana haɓaka mamaye ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani kamar ƙwayoyin cuta masu lactic acid, da kuma inganta daidaiton ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji.

2. Inganta aikin narkewar abinci da kuma inganta yadda ake amfani da abinci

Rage darajar pH na tsarin narkewar abinci, kunna pepsinogen, da kuma haɓaka rushewar furotin;
Ƙara yawan sinadarin enzymes na narkewar abinci a cikin pancreas, inganta yawan narkewar sitaci da mai. Bayanan gwaji sun nuna cewa ƙara 0.5% potassium diformate zuwa abincin broiler na iya ƙara yawan juyawar abinci da 5-8%;

Kare tsarin hanjin villus kuma ƙara yankin sha na ƙaramin hanji. Binciken na'urar hangen nesa ta Electron ya nuna cewa tsayin jejunum na jejunum a cikin kaji masu cin nama da aka yi wa magani da potassium format ya ƙaru da kashi 15% -20% idan aka kwatanta da ƙungiyar da ke kula da shi.

Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta China (2019). Yana rage yawan gudawa ta hanyar hanyoyi daban-daban. A cikin wani gwajin kaji mai gashin fuka-fukai na kwanaki 35, an ƙara kashi 0.8%sinadarin potassium diformaterage yawan gudawa da kashi 42% idan aka kwatanta da rukunin da ba a cika ba, kuma tasirin ya yi kama da na rukunin maganin rigakafi.
3, Fa'idodin aikace-aikacen a cikin samarwa na gaske

1. Ingantaccen aiki a noman broiler
Aikin girma: A cikin kwanaki 42, matsakaicin ƙaruwar nauyi don yanka shine gram 80-120, kuma daidaiton yana inganta da maki 5 cikin ɗari;

Inganta ingancin nama: yana rage asarar digawar tsokar ƙirji kuma yana tsawaita tsawon lokacin da zai ɗauka. Wannan na iya dangantawa da rage damuwar oxidative, tare da raguwar matakan MDA na jini da kashi 25%.

Fa'idodin tattalin arziki: An ƙididdige bisa ga farashin abinci na yanzu, kowace kaza za ta iya ƙara yawan kuɗin shiga da yuan 0.3-0.5.
2. Amfani da shi wajen Samar da Kaza Mai Kwai
Yawan samar da ƙwai yana ƙaruwa da kashi 2-3%, musamman ga kaji bayan lokacin kololuwar haihuwa;

Inganta ingancin kwai, tare da raguwar kashi 0.5-1 na ƙimar karyewar kwai, saboda ƙaruwar yadda sinadarin calcium ke aiki;

Rage yawan sinadarin ammonia a cikin najasa (30% -40%) da kuma inganta muhallin cikin gida.

Yawan kumburin cibiya na kaji ya ragu, kuma adadin rayuwa na tsawon kwanaki 7 ya karu da kashi 1.5-2%.

4. Tsarin amfani da kimiyya da kuma matakan kariya
1. Adadin ƙarin da aka ba da shawarar

Broiler: 0.5% -1.2% (mafi girma a matakin farko, ƙasa a matakin ƙarshe);
Kaji masu kwanciya ƙwai: 0.3% -0.6%;
Ƙarin ruwan sha: 0.1% -0.2% (don amfani tare da masu ƙara sinadarin acid).

2. Kwarewar dacewa
Amfani da probiotics da man fetur na shuka zai iya inganta tasirin;
A guji haɗa kai tsaye da abubuwan alkaline (kamar baking soda);
Ya kamata a ƙara yawan jan ƙarfe da aka ƙara a cikin abinci mai yawan jan ƙarfe da kashi 10% -15%.

3. Muhimman abubuwan kula da inganci
Zaɓi samfuran da tsarkinsu ya kai ≥ 98%, kuma ƙazanta (kamar ƙarfe masu nauyi) dole ne ta bi ƙa'idar GB/T 27985;
A adana a wuri mai sanyi da bushewa, a yi amfani da shi da wuri-wuri bayan buɗewa;
Kula da daidaiton tushen sinadarin calcium a cikin abinci, domin yawan shan sinadarin na iya shafar shan ma'adanai.

5, Yanayin Ci Gaban Nan Gaba
Tare da haɓaka fasahar abinci mai gina jiki mai daidaito, dabarun sakin jiki a hankali da samfuran potassium diformate da aka ɓoye za su zama alkiblar bincike da haɓaka. A ƙarƙashin yanayin rage juriya ga maganin rigakafi a cikin kiwon kaji, haɗakar oligosaccharides masu aiki da shirye-shiryen enzyme zai ƙara inganta ingancin samar da kaji. Ya kamata a lura cewa sabon binciken da Kwalejin Kimiyyar Noma ta China ta gudanar a shekarar 2024 ya gano cewa potassium formate na iya haɓaka garkuwar hanji ta hanyar daidaita hanyar siginar TLR4/NF-κ B, yana samar da sabon tushe na ka'ida don haɓaka aikinta.

Nazarin ya nuna cewa amfani da hankali yana da amfanisinadarin potassium diformatezai iya ƙara fa'idodin kiwon kaji da kashi 8% -12%, amma tasirinsa yana shafar abubuwa kamar kula da ciyarwa da kuma tsarin abinci na asali.

Manoma ya kamata su gudanar da gwaje-gwajen gradient bisa ga yanayinsu don nemo mafi kyawun tsarin aikace-aikacen kuma su yi amfani da ƙimar tattalin arziki da muhalli na wannan ƙarin kore.